KEANEKARAGAMAN LALAT BUAH (Diptera: tephritidae) PARASITOID DAN PREDATOR PADA PERTANAMAN JAMBU BIJI DI KOTA PEKANBARU

Diversity of Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae), Parasitoids and Predators in Guava Plantations in Pekanbaru City

Abstrak

Fruit flies (Bactrocera spp.) are major pests of guava (Psidium guajava) plantations that can reduce both the quality and quantity of yields. This study aimed to identify species of fruit flies, parasitoids, and predators present in guava plantations in Pekanbaru City. The methods used included direct field observations, sampling of symptomatic fruits, installation of methyl eugenol traps, and host fruit rearing to observe the emergence of fruit flies and parasitoids. The results showed that the fruit fly species attacking guava were Bactrocera carambolae and B. papayae, while trap catches revealed B. carambolae, B. papayae, B. cucurbitae, and B. umbrosa. Although no parasitoids emerged from the rearing process, field surveys recorded the presence of Opius sp. (Family Braconidae). In addition, seven predator species from various orders were identified, with the highest number of individuals belonging to the family Gerridae. These findings indicate that the guava plantation ecosystem possesses natural potential for biological control of fruit flies, although parasitoid populations remain low. Habitat conservation and more intensive monitoring strategies are needed to enhance the effectiveness of natural enemies as part of Integrated Pest Management (IPM).