PERAN NAUNGAN PEPAYA (Carica papaya L.) DAN PISANG (Musa paradisiaca L.) DALAM MENINGKATKAN POPULASI SERANGGA MUSUH ALAMI, PREDATOR DAN PARASITOID PADA KAKAO (Theobroma cacao L.)

The Role of Papaya (Carica Papaya L.) and Banana (Musa Paradisiaca L.) Shade In Increasing The Population of Natural Enemy Insects, Predators, and Parasitoids on Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L

Abstrak

The purpose of this study is to determine the presence of natural enemies and pollinating insects on cocoa plants (Theobroma cacao L.). This research was conducted during the vegetative phase, using the method of direct field observation. Insects collected from the nest were brought to the laboratory for observation. The research results show that using yellow traps, 44 insect genera were found in cocoa plantations shaded by papaya, and 38 insect genera were found in cocoa plantations shaded by bananas. The level of insect diversity in cocoa plantations shaded by bananas and papaya is considered good. This finding indicates that the pest population is naturally suppressed by pollinators and natural enemies at the research site. The results of the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H') analysis showed moderate diversity in both locations, the species evenness index (E') indicated a high category in both locations, the species richness index (R') showed a high category in both areas, and the dominance index (C') indicated a low category for both areas. This research is expected to serve as a foundation for sustainable, environmentally friendly, and ecologically friendly pest control approaches.